This review provides a comprehensive overview of FBG sensor technology, focusing on their operating principles, key advantages such as high sensitivity and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and common challenges like temperature-strain cross-sensitivity and the high cost of. This review provides a comprehensive overview of FBG sensor technology, focusing on their operating principles, key advantages such as high sensitivity and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and common challenges like temperature-strain cross-sensitivity and the high cost of. This paper reviews the state of the art of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as analog all-optical signal processing units. Besides the intrinsic advantages of FBGs, such as relatively low cost, low losses, polarization insensitivity and full compatibility with fiber-optic systems, they have proven to. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have emerged as advanced tools for monitoring a wide range of physical parameters in various fields, including structural health, aerospace, biochemical, and environmental applications. Researchers have gained enormous attention in the field of fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensing due to its.